Dynadot Help

International Domain Names (IDNs)

• Why was my international domain name (IDN) not registered?

  Sometimes our domain search will say that your IDN is available, but we will not be able to register the domain for you. The problem is caused by one of the following reasons: The IDN you entered contains characters that are not supported. The central registries do not support every character for every language. For example, in Greek there are some characters that are actually the combination of two simpler characters. The registry will support the simpler characters, but not the combined character. Another example is Verisign, the central registry for .COM, .NET, .CC, & .TV, does not allow the Euro symbol. A variant of the IDN already exists. Some languages have two ways to write the same character. For example, Chinese has traditional characters and simplified characters. If someone has registered the traditional version of your IDN, then you are not allowed to register the simplified version. The IDN you entered combines two different languages. Sometimes combining characters from two different languages into one IDN is not allowed and will result in a "charset problems" error in our system. For example, a domain containing Cyrillic characters can not also have English characters. This is because the Cyrillic alphabet is related to the English alphabet and combining characters from both languages could lead to confusion. Other language combinations are allowed, like Chinese and English. Unfortunately, the IDN domain search will not detect these errors. The errors can not be detected until we try to register your IDN. If for some reason your IDN can not be registered, you will be issued an account credit which can be used towards your next Dynadot order.

• What German domain extensions do you support?

  We support several German TLDs or top-level domain extensions. Most are new TLDs that have recently been released. .DE - Germany's country code domain (ccTLD). .BERLIN - City domain for Berlin, Germany's capital city. See more city TLDs. .COLOGNE & .KOELN - City domain for Cologne (English version)/Koeln (German version). .RUHR - Regional domain for the Ruhrgebiet or "Ruhr" Region. See more regional TLDs. .GMBH - GmbH is the abbreviation for Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung, which is German for "company with limited liability." See more business TLDs. .HAUS - Domain for real estate websites specifically focused on buying, selling, and renting homes. "Haus" is German for "home". See more home-related TLDs. .IM - Used as short for "immobilien" in German, which means real estate or property. .IMMO - Also used as short for "immobilien" in German, which means real estate or property. .IMMOBILIEN - Domain for real estate websites. "Immobilien" is German for "real estate" or "property". See more real estate TLDs. .JETZT - Domain for German news websites. "Jetzt" is a synonym of "nu," which means "now" in German. See more news related TLDs. .KAUFEN - Domain for German retail shops. "Kaufen" means "to buy" in German. See more shopping related TLDs. .REISEN - Domain for German travel websites. "Reisen" is German for "travel". See more travel related TLDs. .SCHULE - Domain for educational institutes and schools. "Schule" is "school" in German. See more education TLDs. See our full list of TLDs that we support. We also have many other TLDs that support domain names in German. Check out our IDN page to see the languages supported by our TLDs.

• What Russian Cyrillic domain extensions do you support?

  We support several Russian Cyrillic TLDs or top-level domain extensions. All are new TLDs that have recently been released. .ОРГ - Russian Cyrillic version of .ORG. .САЙТ - Domain is for generic websites. САЙТ‚ is Russian Cyrillic for "site" or "website". .ОНЛАЙН - Domain is for generic websites. ОНЛАЙН‚ is Russian Cyrillic for "online". . РУС - Relates to Russia the country, Russian people, Russian language, and Russian culture. . МОСКВА  & .MOSCOW (English version) - City domain for МОСКВА . See our full list of TLDs that we support. We also have many other TLDs that support domain names in Russian Cyrillic. Check out our IDN page to see the languages supported by our TLDs.

• Why can't I register the Euro symbol (€) in my IDN?

  For .COM, .NET, .CC, & .TV international domain names (IDNs), the Euro symbol, €, is not allowed. This is according to the central registry, Verisign: "The Euro symbol is included in a set of codepoints that is blocked. There are some legacy registrations that contain the symbol, but new registrations are not allowed." You may not be able to register the Euro sign, but you can pay with Euros!

• Can I filter my IDNs by language?

  Yes, we do have a language filter for Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs). To filter your domain names by language, please follow these steps: Sign in to your Dynadot account. Click “My Domains”, then “Manage Domains” from the left-side menu bar. Click "Filter Domain", then select "IDN Filter". Please select the IDN you would like to view. We can filter by the following language options: Ascii, CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean), Arabic, Russian, Hindi, European, and Other, which includes any languages that don't fall under the listed categories. Once you've made your selection, click on "Add Filter" and your domain list will adjust accordingly. Please note that this filters by both domain name and domain extension. So, for example, if you own dynadot.中国, it will be listed under the "CJK IDN" filter.

• What is punycode?

  Punycode is a way to represent International Domain Names (IDNs) with the limited character set (A-Z, 0-9) supported by the domain name system. For example, "münich" would be encoded as "mnich-kva". An IDN takes the punycode encoding, and adds a "xn--" in front of it. So "münich.com" would become "xn--mnich-kva.com". We support many domain extensions that offer IDNs in a variety of languages. To see a list and search for an IDN domain, visit our IDN page. We also support several internationalized domain extensions. What is Unicode?

• What is ASCII and what are ASCII vs. Non-ASCII characters in domains?

  ASCII, pronounced ask-ee, stands for the American Standard Code for Information Interchange. ASCII was originally based on the English alphabet and consists of 128 characters including A-Z, 0-9, punctuation, spaces, and other control codes that can be found on a standard English keyboard. These 128 characters are then assigned a number from 0 to 127 to represent them in data transfer from one computer to the other. While ASCII code was originally developed for teletypewriters (a device used to send and receive messages), it found broader application with the development of personal computers. ASCII and Non-ASCII Characters in Domain Names ASCII domains, much like ASCII in general, is based on the English alphabet. These domains are limited to only include the following characters: A-Z, 0-9, and dashes (-). Other types of punctuation, spaces, etc. are not allowed for these domains. ASCII domains are much more prevalent than non-ASCII character domains currently as non-ASCII domains were only just recently made available for public registration (around 2010). Examples of ASCII Character Domains Common examples of ASCII characters used in domains: .com .org .xyz .co Non-ASCII domains are commonly referred to as Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs). More recently, international domain extensions have also become available in a variety of languages and scripts. These types of domains allow for a much larger variety of characters to be included, which opens up the Internet to more people around the world through accessibility and use of other languages. In short, non-ASCII domains are not confined strictly to ASCII characters (A-Z, 0-9, and dashes), they allow for wide variety of unique characters. Examples of Non-ASCII Characters Examples of non-ascii characters used in international domain extensions: .भारत (used for websites in India) .网络 (the .NET equivalent in China) .קום (the .COM equivalent in Hebrew) .இந்தியா (meaning ‘Tamil’ for India, which is a language spoken in parts of India)

• What Japanese domain extensions does Dynadot support?

  We support several Japanese TLDs or top-level domain extensions. Most are new TLDs that have recently been released. .コム - Japanese version of .COM. .みんな - Domain for general Japanese websites. みんな is Japanese for "everyone". .世界 - Japanese, Chinese, & Korean for "world". .MOE - Domain for fan websites. The word "moe" (which is 萌え in Japanese and pronounced moh-ay) is a Japanese fan culture slang word that has often been used to mean "adorable" or "cute" when referring to fictional characters, people, animals, and more. .NINJA .TOKYO - City domain for Tokyo, Japan's capital city. .NAGOYA - City domain for Nagoya. .YOKOHAMA - City domain for Yokohama. .OKINAWA - City domain for Okinawa/Regional domain for Okinawa Prefecture and Okinawa Island. .OSAKA - City domain for Osaka/Regional domain for Osaka Prefecture. See our full list of TLDs that we support. We also have many other TLDs that support domain names in Japanese. Check out our IDN page to see the languages supported by our TLDs.

• What are internationalized country code top-level domains (IDN ccTLDs)?

  Internationalized country code top-level domains (IDN ccTLDs) are ccTLDs that use their native country's non-Latin script. For example, China's ccTLD is .CN and its IDN ccTLD is .中国, which translates to "China" in Chinese. Unlike the ccTLDs, which are based on ISO country codes, IDN ccTLDs have more variation in their set up - some are codes and some are full words. In addition to IDN ccTLDs, which are specifically tied to a country, there are also IDN TLDs, which are more general. Both of these types of TLDs help open up the Internet to more people from around the world who do not speak or read a Latin-based language. There are also IDNs or Internationalized Domain Names, which refer to the section of the domain name that is to the left of the dot. Both ASCII and non-ASCII character TLDs offer IDN registrations. What internationalized domain extensions in other languages do you offer?What is punycode?

• What internationalized domain extensions in other languages do you offer?

  You may already know we support internationalized domain names (IDNs), but now we also support several international domain extensions in a variety of languages! Most were all recently released or are about to launch. Arabic TLDs: . شبكة - Arabic for "Internet". See more generic TLDs. .بازار - Arabic for "Bazaar" or "Market". See more shopping related TLDs. See our full list of Arabic domain extensions. Chinese TLDs: .中国 - China's country code domain (ccTLD) (.CN is the English version). .公司 - Chinese version of .COM. See more generic TLDs similar to .COM. .网络 - Chinese version of .NET. .机构ž„ - Chinese version of .ORG. .在线 - Domain for general Chinese websites. 在线 is Chinese for "online". .中文网‘ - Domain for general Chinese websites or Chinese language version websites. 中文网‘ is Chinese for "Chinese language website". .移动 - Domain for Chinese mobile websites. 移动 is Chinese for mobile. See also .MOBI. .世界 - Domain for general Chinese websites. 世界•Œ is Chinese, Korean, & Japanese for "world". See our full list of Chinese domain extensions. Cyrillic TLDs: .ОРГ - Russian Cyrillic version of .ORG. .САЙТ - Domain is for generic websites. САЙТ is Russian Cyrillic for "site" or "website". .ОНЛАЙН - Domain is for generic websites. ОНЛАЙН is Russian Cyrillic for "online". .РУС - Relates to Russia the country, Russian people, Russian language, and Russian culture. .МОСКВА & .MOSCOW (English version) - City domain for МОСКВА. See our full list of Cyrillic domain extensions. Indian Language/Dialect TLDs: .संगठन - Hindi version of .ORG. .भारत - India in Devanagari script. .ভারত - India in Bengali. .భారత్ - India in Telugu. .ભારત - India in Gujarati. .بھارت - India in Urdu. .இந்தியா - India in Tamil. .ਭਾਰਤ - India in Punjabi (Gurumukhi). See our full list of Indian Language/Dialect domain extensions. Japanese TLDs: .コム - Japanese version of .COM. .みんな - Japanese for "everyone". .世界•Œ - Japanese, Chinese, & Korean for "world". See our full list of Japanese domain extensions. Korean TLDs: .닷컴 - Korean version of .COM. .닷넷 - Korean version of .NET. .世界 - Korean, Japanese, & Chinese for "world". See our full list of Korean domain extensions. Looking for a Latin-based TLD? We also support German TLDs, French TLDs, and Spanish TLDs. You can also check out our full list of TLDs that we support. We also have many Latin-based TLDs that support domain names in a variety of languages, including those characters other than A-Z. Check out our IDN page to see the languages supported by our TLDs.

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